Dynamic models for start-up operations of batch distillation columns with experimental validation

The simulation of batch distillation columns during start-up operations is a very challenging modelling problem because of the complex dynamic behaviour. Only few rigorous models for distillation columns start-up are available in literature and generally required a lot of parameters related to tray or pack geometry. On an industrial viewpoint, such a complexity penalizes the achievement of a fast and reliable estimate of start-up periods. In this paper, two “simple” mathematical models are proposed for the simulation of the dynamic behaviour during start-up operations from an empty cold state. These mathematical models are based on a rigorous tray-by-tray description of the column described by conservation laws, liquid–vapour equilibrium relationships and equations representative of hydrodynamics. The models calibration and validation are studied through experiments carried out on a batch distillation pilot plant, with perforated trays, supplied by a water methanol mixture. The proposed models are shown by comparison between simulation and experimental studies to provide accurate and reliable representations of the dynamic behaviour of batch distillation column start-ups, in spite of the few parameters entailed.